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An independent statistician using data to understand our world and to predict the future

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Pay Gap Case Study #8 – 33 London Councils – We Are One

November 18, 2025 By Nigel Marriott

I am breaking a golden rule of pay gap reporting in this article, I am benchmarking the 33 London Borough Councils on their gender pay gap data!

Before you gasp in horror, let me say straightaway the outcome of this article is complete vindication of this golden rule.  Benchmarking of employer pay gap data is statistically worthless.  Pay gap data of all kinds is inherently multivariate and cannot be reduced to one number league tables.  The story I will tell of the 33 councils of London in 2024 proves this point in spades.  In effect, none of the councils have a gender pay gap despite all of them publishing data to the contrary.

[Read more…] about Pay Gap Case Study #8 – 33 London Councils – We Are One

Filed Under: Diversity Tagged With: Chi-Squared Test, Correlation, Gender Pay Gap, Mean, Median, Pay Quarter Breakdown, PCA, principal components analysis, Principal Components Modelling, Representation Gap, Swap Number

Pay Gap Data #8 – Where can I find gender pay gap data for 2024?

October 6, 2025 By Nigel Marriott

This post was updated on 6th October 2025.  The next update is planned for early January 2026.

The government requires nearly all employers with a headcount of 250 or more on their snapshot date to submit gender pay gap data.  All data is available to the public and can be found on the government’s gender pay gap website.  I have downloaded this data and created a spreadsheet to present the data in a more user-friendly and visual format.

[Read more…] about Pay Gap Data #8 – Where can I find gender pay gap data for 2024?

Filed Under: Diversity Tagged With: 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, data quality, Gender Pay Gap, pay gap data, Presenting data

Pay Gaps #32 – My Response to the Ethnicity & Disability Pay Gap Reporting Consultation

June 9, 2025 By Nigel Marriott

The government’s consultation on whether ethnicity and disability pay gap reporting should be made mandatory for large employers has now closed.  I submitted a response in my capacity as a professional statistician with 7 years experience of helping employers to get to grips with pay gap reporting.  My response was in two parts, a briefing note of the 9 statistical challenges that have to be confronted for a workable reporting system to be introduced and my answers to the 33 questions posed by the government in their consultation.

*** This post was updated on 9th June 2025 with links to my final response.  Links to my draft response can be found at the end of this post. ***

 

[Read more…] about Pay Gaps #32 – My Response to the Ethnicity & Disability Pay Gap Reporting Consultation

Filed Under: Diversity Tagged With: Consultation, Disability, Disability Pay Fingerprint, Ethnicity, Ethnicity Pay Fingerprint, Ethnicity Pay Gap, Gender, Pay Gap Report, Pay Gaps, Pay Quarter Breakdown, PQB, Recommendations, UK Government

Pay Gap Trends #8A – Is a Smaller Pay Gap Good News?

January 3, 2025 By Nigel Marriott

The gender pay gap in the UK continues to narrow in 2024.  The good news is the pay gap is narrowing at a faster rate since 2017 when Gender Pay Gap Reporting (GPGR) for employers become mandatory.  The bad news is women are not progressing up the pay scale and are working longer hours, men today are worse off than their fathers were 20 years ago and the smaller pay gap is simply the by-product of wage compression induced by above inflation rises in the minimum wage.  This is a sobering picture which tells me on balance, a smaller pay gap is not good news.

This article is part A of a 2-part blog.  Part B will be published at a later date.

[Read more…] about Pay Gap Trends #8A – Is a Smaller Pay Gap Good News?

Filed Under: Diversity Tagged With: Gender Pay Gap, Median, Minimum Wage, ONS, Pay Differential, pay gap trends, trend analysis

Pay Gaps #31 – When is Equal Pay Day in 2024?

November 23, 2024 By Nigel Marriott

When is #EqualPayDay in the UK in 2024?

No-one knows is the correct answer.  That’s because there are no national measurements of the extent of unequal pay in the UK e.g. a woman being paid less than a man for the doing the same job.

If you see anyone talking about “Equal Pay Day“, they are in fact talking about #GenderPayGapDay, the day on which the typical women “starts working for free” when compared with the typical man irrespective of what job they are doing.  Of course, as everyone knows, gender pay gaps do not measure the extent of unequal pay in any shape or form.

For 2024, the ONS (Office of National Statistics) has published 30 different gender pay gap statistics.  This means we could have 30 different gender pay gap days so how do we decide which one to use?

[Read more…] about Pay Gaps #31 – When is Equal Pay Day in 2024?

Filed Under: Diversity Tagged With: Gender Pay Gap, Mean, Median, ONS, pay gap data, Pay Gaps

Pay Gaps #30 – Why Disability Confident is the Template for Mandatory Ethnicity Pay Gap Reporting

February 3, 2024 By Nigel Marriott

In July 2023, the UK government’s finally published its response to its 2018 consultation on whether #ethnicity #paygap #reporting should be made mandatory for UK employers.  A number of paragraphs from this response were quoted in an article published at the time in The Voice newspaper.

I want to go through two of those paragraphs because they highlight what is wrong with the current debate. I think the debate can be reset in a more productive direction if campaigners and the government were to focus on Action 71 of the Inclusive Britain action plan instead of Action 16.  In short, those who wish to implement mandatory ethnicity pay gap reporting should use existing Disability Confident reporting scheme as a template to build on and not copy and paste Gender Pay Gap Reporting.

[Read more…] about Pay Gaps #30 – Why Disability Confident is the Template for Mandatory Ethnicity Pay Gap Reporting

Filed Under: Diversity Tagged With: Ethnicity, Ethnicity Pay Gap, Parliament, Pay Gaps, professional guidance, UK Government

Pay Gap Trends #7 – UK Ethnicity Pay Gap 2012 to 2022

January 3, 2024 By Nigel Marriott

In November 2023, the Office of National Statistics (ONS) resumed publishing estimates of the UK Ethnicity Pay Gap after a 3 year hiatus for the Covid19 pandemic.  I have organised this data into a user-friendly (hopefully!) Microsoft Excel spreadsheet which allows you to see how the median hourly pay has changed between 2012 & 2022 for a variety of ethnicities & other categories.  This article explains how you can use this spreadsheet and why you must look at ethnicity pay gap data in a different way than you would for gender pay gap data.

[Read more…] about Pay Gap Trends #7 – UK Ethnicity Pay Gap 2012 to 2022

Filed Under: Diversity, Forecasting Tagged With: Annual Population Survey, Confidence Intervals, Ethnicity, Ethnicity Pay Gap, intersectional, Median, moving average, ONS, pay gap trends, trend analysis

Pay Gaps #29 – Government Guidance on Ethnicity Pay Gap Reporting – My thoughts

June 14, 2023 By Nigel Marriott

Two months ago, the Department for Business & Trade (DfB&T) in collaboration with the Equality Hub (EqHub) and Race Disparity Unit (RDU) published Ethnicity pay reporting: guidance for employers.  This is “guidance for employers on how to measure, report on and address any ethnicity pay differences within their workforce” and fulfills Action 16 of the government’s Inclusive Britain action plan.  I was asked to write the draft version of this guidance and I have to confess to being disappointed with the final version published.  I will explain why I am disappointed and why I have decided to publish an edited version of my draft as well.

[Read more…] about Pay Gaps #29 – Government Guidance on Ethnicity Pay Gap Reporting – My thoughts

Filed Under: Diversity Tagged With: Ethnicity, Ethnicity Pay Gap, Parliament, Pay Gaps, professional guidance, UK Government

Pay Gap Trends #6 – Are we there yet?

May 10, 2023 By Nigel Marriott

Has 6 years of mandatory gender pay gap reporting (GPGR) made a dent in the UK’s gender pay gap?  According to a recent BBC article, not one bit at all.  Unfortunately, too many people on social media have been taken in by this misleading article and I will be submitting a formal complaint to the BBC soon to get it amended.  I rebutted this at the time with this LinkedIn post and I will now expand on that here to show what the true trend is and whether or not mandatory pay gap reporting has had an impact.

[Read more…] about Pay Gap Trends #6 – Are we there yet?

Filed Under: Diversity, Forecasting Tagged With: Gender Pay Gap, Median, ONS, pay gap trends, trend analysis, Trend extrapolation

Pay Gap Case Study #7 – Does the Department for Work & Pensions have a Gender Pay Gap?

March 5, 2023 By Nigel Marriott

The Department for Work & Pensions (DWP) says for every £1 paid to the median man in March 2022, the median woman was also paid £1.  In other words, their 2022 median gender pay gap using hourly pay was 0%.  However, their Gender Swap Number per 1,000 employees for this date was +26 which immediately raises the question “Have the DWP made an error in their calculations like Cleveland Police did in 2017?”  This was my first reaction which seems remarkable for an employer with 91,006 full pay relevant employees on a public sector pay scale and the largest pool of statisticians of any government department.

[Read more…] about Pay Gap Case Study #7 – Does the Department for Work & Pensions have a Gender Pay Gap?

Filed Under: Diversity Tagged With: Checking for errors, Creative Pay Gapping, DWP, Gender Pay Gap, Median, Narrative, Representation Gap, Swap Number

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